Data, bandwidth, displays, and code.

Favorites and widget pins are global. History entries are tagged by dashboard so each dashboard shows only its own activity — with a global export available on the hub.

Every widget uses the same Universal Converter Engine that powers our full converter tools — deterministic factor + offset math, IEEE-754 rounding, and validated non-negative constraints where required.

Yes. Every dashboard is fully offline-first — no external APIs are called for calculations. Installing the app to your home screen keeps it available with no network.

Both. Every converter accepts SI (kB, MB, GB) and IEC binary (KiB, MiB, GiB). You pick the units and we handle the base-1000 vs base-1024 math correctly.

t = (bytes × 8) / (bandwidth × (1 − overhead)). You control the overhead % to account for TCP framing, retransmits, and real-world losses. Default overhead is 10%.

Industry-typical values (Mbps): audio 0.128 / 0.32; SD video 3; HD 720p 5; FHD 1080p 8; 4K 25; 8K 80. Multiply by concurrent viewers for total egress bandwidth.

PPI = √(width² + height²) / diagonal inches — the standard ISO definition. This works for any monitor, phone, or tablet.

Yes. Every counter iterates via code points (spread iterator), so combining characters and multi-code-point emoji contribute one visible character, and UTF-8 byte lengths are computed with the standard TextEncoder.

The industry-standard convention: 1 word = 5 characters. Gross WPM = (chars / 5) / minutes; Net WPM subtracts uncorrected errors per minute; accuracy = (chars − errors) / chars × 100%.

Yes. The Hex/Binary converter accepts decimal integers, `0x…` hex literals, and pure binary strings; anything else raises a clear validation error rather than producing NaN.

No. Every calculator runs entirely in your browser — no accounts, no uploads, no logging.